Over the past five decades, the importance of rain forests has reached beyond their boundaries to play a critical role in national and international trade, economic development, and politics. This increased dependency on rain forests by national governments has to led to extensive deforestation throughout the world. The destruction of rain forests has caused concern among forest dwellers, envir...

This study was carried out between February 2014 and January 2015 to investigate the morphology of Simulium damnosum s.l. populations along Kwa Falls and Rhoko river in Akamkpa Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria, in relation to the strain of Onchocerca volvulus transmitted in the study area. Two fly boys working on shift of 6 hours captured Simulium flies settling on them for b...

Throughout history, forests dwellers have adapted to permanent changes of forest ecosystems that, in essence, are dynamic. Accordingly, they have long served as models of how humans lived when their lifestyles and genetic endowment were complementary. What is now commonly described as the “paleodiet” tends to be put forward as a benchmark for present-day efforts to promote health and prevent nu...

Decentralization of forest management in India has taken a leap forward with declaration of the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Rights on Forest) Act (also known as FRA), 2006. After more than a century of centralization, the Forest Policy of 1988 was the first step towards decentralized management. The Act is presented as an effort to set right the injust...

Forests remain an important resource in Iran, as most of the livelihood activities local communities, especially semi-arid environment Zagros forests, are dependent on forest resources. The aim this study was to identify type and extent dependency. Semi-structured interviews questionnaires were used collect data from 170 households Central Zagros. Results show that using firewood for fuel non-f...

Worldwide the search is on for sustainable solutions to the competing needs for forest conservation and agricultural development. A strategy with contemporary salience arises in intensive, sedentarized agriculture that can protect forests and enhance livelihoods for forest dwellers. This paper investigates why intensive agriculture does not limit deforestation in southeastern Mexico’s Calakmul ...

Forest ecosystems contribute to the diets and subsistence of forest dwellers, and in increasingly market-oriented economies they provide a significant portion of the food and medicines consumed by urban populations. Recognition that the sustainable use of forest resources is essential for local livelihoods and the well-being of national populations provides a foundation for investment in conser...

Recent collections in KwaZulu-Natal and Swaziland have led to the discovery of two new species of the flightless and highly threatened Scarabaeinae genus Gyronotus van Lansberge, 1874. A description of G. perissinottoi sp. n. and G. schuelei sp. n. is provided here, along with notes on their habitat and ecology. Unlike the vast majority of the species previously known in the genus, which have b...

The Eighth General Increase in the Financial Resources of the IDB contains a call to take advantage of "opportunities to aid in the conservation of biological diversity," but also cautions that forest-dwellers must share in the "benefits of sustainable forest management" (IDB Document AB-1704, 18 July 1994, page 34). One way to reconcile habitat protection and local economic well-being is to pr...